Families: Relationships and human happiness

Respectful relationships: Respect and friendship

Online and media: Rights, responsibilities and keeping safe

Mental wellbeing: Talking about emotions

Internet safety and harms: Reality vs the online world

Healthy lifestyles: Physical fitness and healthy eating

Health and prevention: Basic health

Changing adolescent body: Puberty and menstrual wellbeing

Families: Stable relationships and marriage

Respectful relationships: Stereotypes and bullying

Online and media: Harmful contact

Mental wellbeing: Recognising concerns

Internet safety and harms: Body Image

Drugs and alcohol: Smoking and Alcohol

Health and prevention: Sleep and routines

First aid

Families: Being safe and reporting concerns

Respectful relationships: Recognising and reporting criminal behaviour within relationships

Online and media: Indecent image sharing

Being safe: The law (consent, exploitation, and harassment)

Intimate relationships: Positivity and health

Mental wellbeing: Common types of ill health

Internet safety and harms: Relationships and social media

Drugs and alcohol: Prescription and illegal drugs

Health and prevention: Immunisation and vaccination

RSHE (PSHE)

Y8 RSHE (PSHE)

Key Stage 3

Year 8

UNIT

In this lesson we will define body image and understand how our perception of our body impacts our feelings and thoughts.

Body image introduction

﻿Hello and welcome to this unit of work, internet safety and harms, body image. My name is Mrs. Smith, and I'm going to be teaching you through the next five lessons. In today's lesson, we will be defining body image and understand how our perception of our body impacts our feelings and thoughts. This lesson covers some content that might be a sensitive topic for you and we therefore recommend checking with a trusted adult before you start, or completing the lesson with a trusted adult nearby. If you're ready to get started, then let's begin. So for this lesson, you are going to need an exercise book or some paper and a pen to write with. If you need to go and collect that equipment now, pause the video and do so, and press play when you're ready to resume. Let's now have a look at our agenda for today's lesson. We will start by defining the term body image, and then discuss our thoughts and feelings towards our own body. We will then look at the importance of valuing ourselves, and finish with a reflection and exit quiz. Our keywords for today's lesson include, image, a representation of something. Perception, the way in which something is interpreted. And realistic, representing something in a way that is true to life. Let us begin with a definition of body image. Pause the video and have a think about what you understand body image to be, and press play when you're ready to compare our definitions. So body image is the perception we have of our body, and the thoughts and feelings this can create. It also includes the picture of your body that you have in your own mind, which might or might not match your body's actual shape and size. Now that we have our definition of body image what do you think we mean by the term positive body image. Pause the video and write down what you think positive body image could mean. A positive or healthy body image is feeling happy and satisfied about your body as well as being comfortable with and accepting the way that you look. So now let's consider, what do we mean by a negative body image? Once again, I would like you to pause the video and write down what you think the definition for negative body image might look like. Press play when you're ready to compare our answers. So this is what a definition of a negative body image could be. A negative or unhealthy body image is being unhappy with the way you look. It's often associated with wanting to change your body size or shape. What's really important here is that we all have body image, but sometimes it can be healthy or unhealthy. For this activity, I would like you to create a spider diagram on your piece of paper, and in the centre I would like you to write what affects our body image. Now, an idea to get you started might be your peers. So your friends and people that are around you all the time. They might affect your body image. Whether it's you comparing yourselves to others or them comparing themselves to you. Pause the video and see what else you can add to the mind map of what affects our body image. Other things you might have included could be, your family, social media, genetics and or TV and film. All of these things can have an impact on both our positive and negative body image. So well done if you've got any of those. For this next part of the lesson, we are going to discuss thoughts and feelings towards our own body and how we perceive ourselves. What I would like you to do is to draw what you hear. I am going to describe someone and I would like you to draw what I am saying on your piece of paper. If you don't have colours, you can just add labels. I have long hair, but it is starting to look a bit yellow. It's really hard for me to style and I have to use a lot of product. My forehead is quite big, so I like to sweep my hair over it to cover it. I have blue eyes, but I know they are too big for my face. My mouth is quite small and my lips are too thin so I wear lipstick to cover this up. I also have a really long neck. I'm just going to repeat some of the key points there for you. So I have long hair, but it's starting to get to be yellow. It's really hard to style so there's a lot of product in it. I have a big foreheads and I use my hat to cover this up. I have really big blue eyes and my lips are very thin so I have to add a lot of lipstick to make them look fuller. I also have a long neck. Pause the video to check that your image matches what I have described. Let's now have a look at the image that I was describing. Does it look the same? This is the perception that Bobby has of herself. But what do you see? Do you see the yellow hair, the eyes too big for her face, the too thin lips and long neck that she described? What is important is that we all perceive things in a different way. And our thoughts and feelings will vary from person to person. I'd like you now to take a moment to look at yourself in the mirror and write down what you see. Pause the video to complete this now. Next, ask a trusted adult to add to your list or to create a new list. Pause the video now to complete this. What it is you should be remembering is that you are good enough and how you view yourself is not always what others see. When we look in the mirror it is completely normal that we think and feel different emotions. This could depend on the time of the day, how we are feeling, how tired we are. And these thoughts and emotions might include happiness, sadness, anger or even surprise. Have a look at the four words on the screen for you now, which of these words would you connect with a positive body image? Jot those words down on your piece of paper now. The words you should have selected to define a positive body image should have been, happy, satisfied and comfortable. The word change we would usually associate with a negative body image. And I will share with you again now our definition of a positive body image about being happy and satisfied with your body, as well as being comfortable with and accepting how you look. How can we make sure that we are truly valuing ourselves? Let's do this through an activity where you think of someone who is close to you. Now pause the video and write down their best qualities. You have probably used words similar or the same as, they are kind, caring, funny and friendly. You might've included other words as well. And these are the reasons why you keep these people close to you. Now, it is quite simple to imagine that these are probably very similar to how others view you, as kind, caring, funny and friendly. And these are all qualities that we should look for in friends and peers and people that we surround ourselves with. We shall now discuss some opinion spectrums. So what you need to do is I will give you a statement and you need to write down on your piece of paper whether you agree or disagree, and also your reasons why. So our first statement is this, what other people think of you and your behaviour is more important than what you think of yourself. So pause the video, write down whether you agree or disagree and give a reason why, and press play when you're ready to discuss this. What is important to note here is that although it is hard to ignore others and what they are saying, what you think of yourself is much more important, and building up your positive body image and your self esteem is much more important. Our second statement is, it's not being conceited or big headed to feel proud of yourself and your achievements. Again, pause the video. Do you agree or disagree with this statement and give a reason why. You should be rightly proud of yourself and any achievements that you have made and those around you should be proud also. So keep those positive people as close to you as possible. And finally, it's not what you look like that matters. It's what kind of person you are and how you feel about yourself. For the final time, pause the video and write down whether you agree or disagree and give reasons for your answer. So this statement epitomises having positive body image and it is really important to remember that how you feel about yourself and the kind of person you are to others is the most important thing. We shall now end the lesson with a reflection. Body image is the perception we have of our body and the thoughts and feelings this can create. It is important that we recognise the thoughts and feelings when we look at our bodies, and it is even more important to value yourself and the contributions that you are making to both your own life and to others. Thank you so much for joining me for this lesson for our body image unit of work. If you would like to share any of the work that you have done today, please ask your parent or carer and use the hashtag LearnwithOak. Thank you again and goodbye.

In this lesson we will look at internet projections of unachievable images. We will also learn about photo-editing and filtering.

Idealised projections

﻿Hello, and welcome to our second lesson for this unit of work, internet safety and harms, body image. I am Mrs. Smith. In this lesson, we will look at internet projections of unachievable images. We will also learn about photo editing and filtering. This lesson covers some content that might be a sensitive topic for you. We therefore recommend checking through the lesson with a trusted adult beforehand, or completing the lesson with a trusted adult nearby. Let us begin. For this lesson, you are going to need an exercise book or paper and a pen to write with. If you need to go and collect that equipment, do so now and press play when you're ready to resume. Our agenda for today's lesson looks like this. We will start by discussing internet projections and the impact of these on our wellbeing. We will then discuss photo editing and filtering, and we will finish with a reflection and exit quiz. Our key words for today's lesson include, mental wellbeing, your thoughts and feelings and how you cope with the ups and downs of everyday life. Photo editing, the act of altering an image. And filtering, a technique through which size, colours, shading and other characteristics of an image are altered. What do we actually mean by internet projections? The internet can project or show us idealised and unachievable images of bodies which are often edited and filtered. For your first activity today, I would like you to pause the video and complete the mindmap on the worksheet provided. What you need to do is answer the questions. For example, the first question is what is body image? And you might need to refer the notes that you made in our previous lesson to help you to answer that question. Press play when you're ready to resume the lesson. Let us now compare our mindmaps. For the first question, what is body image? I am sure you are able to include some of the words shown on the screen now. Body image is the perception we have of our bodies and the thoughts and feelings this can create. And remember, last lesson we discussed that sometimes we can see our bodies in a different way to others. Your next question was to look at what makes people think they need to look a certain way. And again, you will remember from last lesson we discussed the influence that our peers and friends can have, family members and in particular the internet or social media and even TV and films can have on making us believe we must look a certain. The next question, how does gaining likes and followers make someone feel? You might've included things like happy, or powerful, loved and accepted. And finally, I was asking you to have a think about what you think social media is doing in order to lead to stress. And you might have included ideas such as this, pressure to look a certain way, jealousy of others, and even that famous FOMO, that fear of missing out on something. Well done for completing that worksheet. Let us now look into that final part of the worksheet in a little bit more detail and discuss the impact of idealised projections on our wellbeing. Pause the video now and remind yourself what do we mean by a positive body image? Even if you just write down some key words from our definition from last lesson, do that now. A positive or healthy body image is feeling happy and satisfied about your body, as well as being comfortable with and accepting how you look. Overexposure to such images can affect our wellbeing and how we feel about our body image. It can prompt feelings of inferiority or even anxiety. My question to you is this, why do you think some people feel social media leads to stress or anxiety? Look back on the notes you made on your worksheets. And remember we mentioned pressure to look a certain way, jealousy and fear of missing out. So let's discuss these three things in a little bit more detail. The pressure to look a certain way. There will always be trends and fashions for us to see and want to follow. However, what makes fashion so groundbreaking in particular is when people put their own spin on it. When they really add their own mark. Jealousy, you will find through life that people will have different lives to you. Embrace and give thanks for what you do have and focus on those positive influences in your life. And fear of missing out. Unfortunately, you cannot be everywhere with everyone, all of the time. Embrace yourself and embrace the moment that you are in right now. By holding on to that pressure and jealousy and fear of missing out, not only can we damage our mental wellbeing, but we can also create a negative body image. Can you remember what our definition was for this? Pause the video and jot down what you can remember from last lesson. Our definition looks like this. A negative or unhealthy body image is being unhappy with the way you look. It's often associated with wanting to change your body size or shape. And I want to press this on you again, you are good enough and how you view yourself is not always what others see so have those open conversations with people that are around you. This next part of the lesson, we'll look at photo editing and filtering. For this next part of the lesson, I would like you to watch this short video which shows you some photo editing taking place. Note down any alterations that you can see happening in the video. And think about what message this is sending out to young people today. So what you can see in that video is that my very good friend, Ms. Berry, she has used a spot healing tool on my face. She's removed imperfection, she's removed my freckles. She's made my mouth narrower, and she's also gone on to enhance the brightness and contrast of the final photograph. It really shows how quick and easy it really is to edit a photograph, and how editing techniques are the opposite to reality. Photo editing has always been around. Throughout history people have edited photographs for their own means. However, what makes it different now is that it is available to the masses. You and I can edit a photo with a click of a button. What you saw in the video illustrates how easy the lighting, makeup and digital manipulation can change our perception of beauty. How many of you have posted an image on social media today, yesterday, recently? Did you make any changes to it? Are images in the media representative of the people that exist in society? And what does this mean about real beauty? Would you like to see more real beauty represented in the media? Those things that you are probably editing are what make you beautiful and unique. We will now end the lesson with a reflection. Body image is the perception we have of our body, and the thoughts and feelings that this can create. Remember we all have body image and it can be both positive and negative for all of us. The internet can project idealised and unachievable images of bodies, which are often edited and or filtered. Please remember this next time you are feeling jealous or comparing yourself to an image on the internet, and actually have a look at how much editing or filtering has taken place. Well done for completing the second lesson for this unit of work. You now have an exit quiz to go and complete. If you would like to share any of your work with us on Twitter, please ask a parent or carer to do so and you use the hashtag LearnwithOak. Thank you again and goodbye.

In this lesson we will consider beliefs about beauty and how they are subjective. We will also learn about cultural variance in beliefs about beauty.

Beliefs about beauty

﻿Hello and welcome to this lesson in the unit of work, internet safety and harms body image. I am Mrs. Smith. In this lesson, we will consider beliefs about beauty and how they are subjective. We will also learn about cultural variance in beliefs about beauty. This lesson might contain some content that may be a sensitive topic for you. We recommend checking the lesson with a trusted adult beforehand, or completing the lesson with a trusted adult nearby. If you're ready to begin, then let's go. In this lesson, you will need an exercise book or paper, and a pen to write with. If you need to go and collect that equipment now, do so, and press Play when you're ready to carry on. Our agenda for today's lesson looks like this. We will discuss, first of all, individual beliefs about beauty, and then the cultural variance that exists in beliefs about beauty. We will consider how beauty is in the eye of the beholder and finish with a reflection and exit quiz. Our keywords for today's lesson include beliefs, the trust, faith, or confidence in someone or something. Subjective, based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions, and cultural, referring to the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a society. Let's us start by discussing the theory behind individual beliefs. I would like you to copy and complete this sentence on your piece of paper. Pause the video now and do so, and press Play when you're ready to compare our answers. So, let's see if our sentences look the same. Beliefs about beauty, for example, are subjective and differ over time and within cultures. What we believe about beauty is individual to us. The definition of beauty has continued to expand, making room for women of colour, obese women, bald women, women with grey hair and wrinkles. We are moving towards a culture of big tent beauty, one in which everyone is welcome and everyone is beautiful. Everyone's idealised version can be seen in the pages of magazines or in the runways around the world. We have become more accepting, because people have demanded it, protested for it, and used social media to embrace different types of beauty. Technology has also put the power to define beauty in the hands of the people. Mobile phones, for example, allow people greater control of their image and how they want to define beauty. Let's have a look at a bit of a scenario. So Mohammed is trying to take a good selfie. He's keen to impress others in his year group and he spends a long time trying to get the light, the angle, and the background just so. He even downloads a new filtering app so that he can look even better to try and fit in. On your piece of paper, just write down, what is Mohammed feeling here? The next part of the scenario is Joseph, and Joseph sees Mohammed's photo and sees how many likes and nice comments that he is getting. Now, Joseph looks at a recent posts that he has made, he'd uploaded a quick photo as he was leaving school the other day, and he doesn't really understand these filtering apps or how to edit a photograph, but he notices that he only has half as many likes as Mohammad. So he decides to delete the post. Again, pause the video and write down on your piece of paper, what is Joseph feeling here? The final part of this story is that Mohammed then notices that a girl that he likes has viewed the image, but not liked the photo, so then he deletes his post. Again, what is Mohammed feeling here? Pause the video and write your answer on your piece of paper. What this scenario has shown us is the problem that technology can pose with our perception of beauty. It is very important to recognise that, usually, people will share their best selves on social media, as we discussed last lesson. And we each have our own perception of beauty and should remember that when we are comparing ourselves online. This next part of the lesson will be looking at cultural variance in beliefs about beauty and it can be seen across history that our perception of beauty has completely changed. So if we go, for example, back to the Elizabethan era, English women would use saffron and sulphur to dye their hair red in order to emulate the same hair colour as their queen. And in addition, besides being a symbol of beauty, some men, especially members of the Royal Court at the time, they would even dye their facial hair auburn in order too match the Queen's red hair. If we look to more modern societies, plumpness is a symbol of beauty and fertility in many African and Eastern cultures. A plus sized, usually curvaceous, woman symbolises a happy and successful husband, whereas plumpness is considered an ideal and symbolises the lack of willpower in Western culture, which prides on smaller figures. Slenderness, as a Western norm, represents social success, happiness, and social acceptability. Beauty is of course cultural. What one community admires may leave another group of people cold or repulsed. What one individual finds irresistible elicits a shrug from another. Beauty is personal, but it can also be universal. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. That which one person finds beautiful or admirable may not appeal to another, meaning that beauty is truly subjective. Let's remind ourselves of today's keywords and see how many of these you can match up to the correct definition. Pause the video now and complete this task. Press Play when you're ready to compare our answers. So let's see what you got. Which one did you match cultural with? Relating to the ideas, customs, and social behaviours of a society. Beliefs you should have matched with trust, faith, or confidence in someone or something. And finally, subjective, based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. This image another example of how cultural beliefs surrounding beauty can vary quite far. And it is even more important to remember that beauty really is in the eye of the beholder. Stop comparing yourself to other people. We shall now end the lesson with a reflection. Beliefs about beauty are subjective and differ over time and within cultures. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, and you are beautiful. Thank you for joining me again for another lesson in this unit of work. If you have anything that you would like to share with us online, please check with a parent or carer and use the #LearnwithOak. I will see you again. Goodbye.

In this lesson we will learn about the changes that take place during puberty and how that affects self-perception.

Puberty and body image

﻿Hello and welcome to our next lesson together for this unit of work, "Internet safety and harms: Body image". I am Mrs. Smith. In this lesson, we will learn about the changes that take place during puberty and the impact this may have on our self-perception. This lesson might contain some contents, that is a sensitive topic for you. We recommend checking the lesson with a trusted adult beforehand or completing the lesson with a trusted adult nearby. If you're ready to get started, then let's go. For this lesson, you are going to need an exercise book or paper and a pen to write with. If you need to go and collect that equipment now, do so and press play when you're ready to resume. Our agenda for today's lesson looks like this. We will start by looking at the changes that occur during puberty, and then discuss that worth is not defined by looks. You will then have the opportunity to go away to share this message. And you will finish with a reflection and exit quiz. Our keywords for today's lesson include puberty. It describes the changes that take place when you physically become able to reproduce, for example, make babies. It is part of growing up for everyone. Body image, the perception we have of our body, and the thoughts and feelings this can create. And finally, self-perception, how we view ourselves. For the first part of the lesson, we will be discussing the changes that take place during puberty. Puberty is the period of human development where a child's body matures into an adult body. The changes people experience during puberty are physical, emotional, and sexual in nature. A brief true or false for you here. So changes that take place during puberty relate only to reproduction. Do think this is true or false? Point to the screen now. This is false. Changes also take place in the brain to do with your emotional development, and also our bodies to do with our physical development during puberty. Your first main activity is this. What you need to do is create a table or three columns on your piece of paper. You have got a mixture of keywords, definitions, and examples on the screen for you. Let's do one as an example. So if we take the keyword physical, we're going to match that with which definition? Take a moment now to look at the screen. I'm sure you agree with me that this definition matches with physical the best, changes in your bodily features and appearance. You then need to select two examples to go with that definition. Pause the video now and unscramble these keywords, definitions, and examples. Press play when you're ready to compare our answers. Let's now compare our answers. So we've already matched the physical keywords with the definition of changes in your bodily features and appearance, which two examples did you match with this? Well, I matched body hair and sweating more. These are changes in your bodily features and also your appearance. The second keyword to discuss is emotional. And the definition for this is changes in your feelings of mood. An example of this is feeling more self-conscious. So, whereas before you would wear what you wanted and didn't care what anyone thought you might suddenly become a bit more self-aware. And finally, sexual. The definition for this being changes in your sexual organs and your feelings towards sex. And examples might include having periods or experiencing erections. You should know that these are all completely normal expectations of changes during puberty. Pause the video now if you need to update or change anything on your work. Let's now discuss those changes during puberty in a little bit more detail. So as you grow, your brain will send a message to your pituitary glands, a group of cells that releases chemicals in your body, and they tell them to start producing hormones that cause you to grow into an adult body. Hormones can be thought of as chemical messengers that tell your body what to do. Your body also produces lots of different hormones, unrelated to puberty that are involved in most of your bodily functions. Everyone has the hormones, oestrogen, and testosterone in their body, no matter what sexual parts you have, but the amount of each hormone that people have is different based mainly on their sexual parts. If your body has a vagina, that means you also have ovaries, which will start producing more oestrogen during puberty than before. If your body has a penis, that means you also have testes or testicles, which will start producing more testosterone than before. The hormones goes throughout your bloodstream and trigger the changes of puberty. This image illustrates how your glands send a message to the ovaries or testes. And the arrows show which parts of the body are most affected by these hormonal changes. For most people, puberty starts between the ages of 10 to 14, but it is perfectly normal to start puberty before or after that age. It is something that you don't have any control over. In general, girls start going through puberty earlier than boys. Let's now discuss this statement, worth is not defined by looks. In order to understand this statement, let's have a quick reflection on what is the ideal? What do we mean by the ideal feminine person and the ideal masculine person? Pause the video now and write down any words you would normally associate with feminine and, or masculine. Okay. So some generalised, stereotypical words to fit with the word feminine and masculine might include passive, beautiful, domestic, emotional, and weak. And when we associate words with masculine, some of the words might have included aggressive, protector, breadwinner, brave, and strong. It is inappropriate for people to assume that females and males should act in stereotypical ways. All females and all males are different, and they may or may not assume some of the traits on the screen. I'd like to share some reflection questions with you now for you to pause and have a think about. So the first one, are these stereotypes actually possible for everybody? Pause to reflect on that question. So the answer really, and simply is no, they are quite unrealistic and impossible for most people. The majority of females and males do not look anything like the models and actors who appear on our televisions and films or in magazines. My second reflection point for you is what do you think happens when people cannot meet these standards of femininity and masculinity? Pause the video to reflect on that. Sometimes people may feel badly about themselves and develop a negative body image and also low self-esteem. And finally, are the pressures the same for girls and boys? Pause the video to reflect on that question. Whilst both girls and boys encounter pressures relating to body image, there are more realistic images of the males in the media than there are females. This unbalanced portrayal of male, female body type ideas may explain why females report that they think about their weight and dieting more often than males. Young females also have expressed a great deal more dissatisfaction with their bodies than young males and are more likely to develop eating disorders. Young males are facing increasing pressure to conform to unrealistic standards of masculinity. As the pressure for boys to develop muscular physiques rises, the use of steroids in boys may also increase. This is something to bear in mind when we're discussing our own bodies and that of our peers. So if worth is not defined by looks, what are you worth? Consider now, not your outside appearance but actually what is within you? So for example, I consider myself as a sister, a wife, a mom, a daughter, I am worth as a teacher. I love sharing learning experiences with young people, such as yourselves. I consider myself to be kind and thoughtful of others. And finally, I am creative and I love to express myself through lots of different forms of media. Pause the video now and reflect on what you are worth. What makes you, you? Write yourself a list on your piece of paper and remind yourself that it isn't just about your look, but it's about your thoughts and feelings of yourself. Press play when you're ready to carry on. My final activity for you this lesson is to share the message. Pause the video to complete this task. You can either create an assembly or a newsletter to tell people about the importance of having a positive body image and the changes that are normal and associated with puberty. Press play when you're ready to carry on with the lesson. We shall now end with a reflection. Puberty can be a time when people become more aware of their own and others' appearance. Your worth is not defined by your looks. Thank you for joining me for this lesson. I've really enjoyed working with you again. If you have any of your assemblies or newsletters or notes that you would like to share with us, please check with a parent or carer and use the #LearnwithOak. Thank you again and I will see you next time. Goodbye.

In this lesson we will learn about how you can seek support for body image mental wellbeing concerns. We will also look at the body positivity movement.

Support for body image issues

﻿Hello, and welcome to our final lesson for this unit of work internet safety and harms: body image. And my name is Mrs. Smith. In this lesson, we will learn about how you can seek support for body image, mental wellbeing concerns. And we will also look at the body positivity movements. This lesson covers some content that might be a sensitive topic for you. We recommend checking the lesson with a trusted adult beforehand or completing the lesson with a trusted adult nearby. If you're ready to start, then let's go. For this lesson, you will need an exercise book and paper and a pen to write with. If you need to go and collect this equipment now do so, and press play when you're ready to carry on. Our agenda for today's lesson looks like this. We will first look at identifying body image issues, discuss how we can seek support for any of those issues and then discuss the body positivity movement. We will end with a reflection and exit quiz. Our keywords for today's lesson include; self esteem, the confidence in one's own worth or abilities. Body image, the perception we have of our body and the thoughts and feelings this can create. And body positivity, the idea that every person, regardless of body type is deserving of a positive self loving life style. For your first activity I would like you to unscramble these key words. These are all words that we have discussed over the previous lessons. Can you unscramble them all? Pause the video and complete this activity and press play when you're ready to continue. Let's now discuss the answers. So number one is perception. And remember, this is the way in which something is interpreted. We also looked at the word self-perception and this is how we view ourselves. Realistic, representing something in a way that is true to life. Subjective, based on personal feelings, tastes or opinions. Cultural, relating to the ideas, customs and social behaviour of a society. Filtering, this remember is a technique through which size, colours, shading and other characteristics of an image are altered. Mental wellbeing. We've discussed this a lot, and it's all about your thoughts and feelings and how you cope with the ups and downs of everyday life. Puberty, describes the changes that take place when you physically become able to reproduce. It is part of growing up for everyone. And the final keyword there was photo editing, the act of altering an image. Well done if you got all of those. Let's first discuss the issues surrounding body image. One survey of 11 to 16 year olds in the UK by Be Real found that 79% said how they look is important to them. And over half, 52% often worry about how they look. In the survey of 13 to 19 year olds, 35% said that body image causes them to often or always worry. And that's why it's really important that we can identify these body image issues and know where we can seek support. Can you remember how we defined the term positive body image? Take a moment now to pause the video and remind yourself of that definition. A positive body image is when you have a healthy body image and you feel happy and satisfied about your body, you will also feel comfortable and accept how you look. Let's look at the other side though. And can you remember what we meant by a negative body image? Again, pause the video and reflect on that definition. A negative or unhealthy body image is being unhappy with the way you look, it's often associated with wanting to change your body, whether that be the size or the shape. If you are ever having negative thoughts and feelings about how you look, you might be struggling with your body image. You may even find everyday tasks like eating or getting dressed to be more and more difficult. And this can be at any point in your life or continuously throughout your life, but it is common to have these thoughts when you are going through puberty. Remember during puberty, your body releases hormones that make you more aware of how you look and more aware of other people's bodies. These changes happen to everyone and can sometimes make you feel out of control or anxious. It can also lead to feelings of low self esteem, depression, anxiety, isolation and eating problems. And in young people, body dissatisfaction has been linked to more risk taking behaviours and mental health problems. Poor body image may also prevent young people from engaging in healthy behaviours. With some studies finding that children with poor body image are less likely to take part in physical activity. Amongst adolescents research has found that those with greater body appreciation are less likely to diet or use alcohol or cigarettes. Symptoms of unhealthy or negative body image may include obsessive self scrutiny in mirrors. Thinking about comments about your body or frequent comparison of your own size or shape to other people. How can we then support both ourselves and others in our lives? Let's remind ourselves, is this statement here true or false, point to the screen now. Good, well done. That's true. And I really hope that you can take that definition away from this unit of work and remind yourself that it is not about looking perfect, but it is in fact about loving yourself and feeling comfortable and accepting the way that you look because you are all beautiful. For this next part of the lesson, I would like you just to start by pausing and reflecting on this. How can you support yourself when you are feeling negative about your body image? Take a moment now to consider that. So let's now have a look at some of the things that you might have thought about. Be kind to yourself and try not to compare yourself to the many images that you see online and in magazines. These are often digitally changed to make them look perfect. They don't reflect how people look in real life. Check your social media and how that is affecting the way you feel about your body. There can be a lot of pressures online to have that perfect body. And this can cause you to worry about how you look and compare yourselves with others online. Follow influencers who talk about positive body image, who will help you to feel better about your body and have a more positive time online. There are more tips on this, on the YoungMinds.org websites. Focus on the things that you do like about yourself and the parts of your body that you do like. Spend time with people who make you feel positive. It might help you to write down the nice things that people say about you and not just about how you look. Remember people value you for lots of different reasons. And think back to the previous activity from last lesson where we looked at what you are worth, not necessarily on being defined by looks. Think about what advice you would give a friend if they told you they were struggling with how they look and remember that advice when you are ever feeling negatively. Talk to someone you trust it could be your parents or family members. It might be a teacher or someone from a club that you attend. If you feel unable to cope or particularly worried about one part of your body, talk to your GP about how you are feeling, they can listen, tell you about local services and support groups or they might suggest specific treatment for the way that you are feeling. Next and I think a little bit easier. How would you support other people in your life? Pause the video now and have it reflect on that. If you have a friend or family member who is struggling with their body image here are some ways that you can support them. Talk to them, encourage them to focus on what they like about themselves and what they can do, not just how they look, help them to see their good points and the things you like about them. These can be simple things like being good at a sport, being a caring friend, or making somebody laugh. If you are finding it difficult to know what to say, writing their good points as a list together can be another way to help them. They can keep the list for the days that they are struggling as a reminder of all the good things that you like about them. Support your friend to have a positive online space. If you feel that your friend is struggling you could send them a message to let them know that they matter and remind your friend how brilliant they are. And if you think they are feeling overwhelmed, encourage them to see their GP or seek professional help. So which of these are good ways to look after yourself, point to the screen now. So I hope you selected checking who you follow online and creating a positive online space. Being kind to yourself and reflecting on what makes you amazing and what you actually worth, not just how you look. And speaking to a GP or professional, if you are really feeling that your body image is affecting you. Now sitting in your room alone is not going to help you look after yourself and in fact may deepen those negative body image feelings. So please reach out and speak to those family members, your friends and peers, or teachers and school staff if you ever need to speak to someone. The final part of the lesson, we'll be looking at the body positivity movement. It is meant to encourage everyone, regardless of religion, gender, sexual orientation, race, age, weight or disability, to love and appreciate their bodies. Unfortunately, too many assume that men do not suffer from body issues the same way as women do, which is false. Men are faced with the same stereotypes of the ideal body in the media everyday. The body positivity movement promote seeing different bodies on things like social media to encourage us to accept our body and the way we look. If you are struggling with body image, body positivity can help you feel better about yourself. By thinking positively about how you look, you can feel more comfortable and confident. Changing the way we think about our body and how we look can take time. It can feel difficult on some days and more than others. That's okay. Accepting your body is a process but it is time to start reclaiming individual beauty. One initiative that promotes body positivity includes the This Girl Can movement. No one gets to choose how you exercise other than you, your body, your call and whatever that looks like they think it's worth celebrating. This Girl Can funded by the National Lottery, believes that there is no right way to get active and encourage all types of physical activity to get your bodies moving. Feel final, main activity today, I would like you to reflect back on the image of Barbie that we saw in a previous lesson. And I've also added a action superhero for you but do these really reflect our bodies today? I would like you to now design a toy for the next generation of children, create a design and add labels to share how it fits with the body positivity movement. Pause the video to complete this task and press play when you're ready to resume. We shall now end with a final reflection. If you are having any negative thoughts and feelings about how you look you might be struggling with your body image. You should be able to talk to someone, a friend, a trusted adult or even your GP who will be able to support you. Body positivity is a movement to accept all bodies no matter what type, shape or size. Thank you for joining me for this final lesson for this unit of work on body image, you now have an exit quiz to complete. And if you have any work that you would like to share with us online, please check with a parent or carer and use the #LearnwithOak. It has been a great pleasure to work with you over these lessons. Goodbye.

Unit Overview: Internet safety and harms: Body Image

Lessons:

Body image introduction

Idealised projections

Beliefs about beauty

Puberty and body image

Support for body image issues