What is a migrant?

What is a source country?

Families are broken up. Is this an advantage or disadvantage for the source country?

Migrants may return with new skills learnt in host country. Is this an advantage for the host or source country?

A richer and more diverse culture. Is this an advantage for the host or source country?

Overcrowding.  Is this an advantage or disadvantage for the host country?

Which city in the UK might some people argue is overcrowded as the population is over 8 million?

Which public service in the UK benefits from employing people who are not from the UK?

How does migration affect people and places?

﻿Hi everyone, my name is Miss Dhillon, and last lesson we were exploring the question how does migration affect people and places? In the lesson today, excitingly, we will be exploring the question what is economic migration? This is what the structure of our lesson is going to look like today. We will start by going through the Star Words. Then we will think about what is an economic migrant? Then we will learn about what happened in 2004. We will then look at the economic migration to the UK. And finally, we are going to tie up our learning by thinking about push and pull factors. But first, please make sure you have your cellphones switched off, or your iPhones, whatever you're using at home. And please make sure you have all the equipment ready for our lesson. On the screen, you can now see the Star Words for today's lesson. I will be explaining these Star Words as we move throughout the lesson. But first of all, let's say them out loud to practise them. Are you ready? Migration. Economic migrant. European Union. Push factor. Pull factor. Well done, team. So let's start our lesson by thinking about what is an economic migrant? We can define an economic migrant as someone who chooses to move in order to improve their quality of life by gaining a better paid job. I would now like you to recap the definition that we've just learnt by filling in the missing gaps using the key words that have been provided. Pause the video now to complete this task. Here are the answers. The missing words are in bold. How did you do, team? Well done for endeavouring to get all five key words into the correct place. Now we're going to learn about what happened in 2004. Several countries, including Poland, joined the European Union in 2004. The European Union, or normally shortened to the EU, which is capital E and a capital U, is the economic and political union of countries. So when more countries decided to join the EU, this led to the UK receiving many more economic migrants from these countries. The number of EU-born migrants is estimated to be living in the UK has been steadily increasing since 2004. I would now like you to pause the video to complete the task on the screen. Here are the answers. Did you also say B? Thumbs up, well done, you're doing an awesome job so far. According to the Migration Observatory at the University of Oxford, an estimated 3.6 million EU-born migrants lived in the UK in 2018. That makes up 5.5% of the total UK population. Migrants from the European Union took up jobs in a range of different industries. Some came for seasonal jobs, such as fruit picking, and they're seasonal because it depends on what season it is and what fruit is growing, and that depends which fruit they need to pick. And then some came over to perform in highly-qualified jobs. For example, in schools and in hospitals. These jobs require qualifications or degrees and certificates, so that's why they're classed as highly-qualified. Pause the video now to complete the task. What jobs did the highly-qualified migrants take up? Here is the answer. Well done if you got that correct, you're clearly listening and paying attention. We are now going to look at the number of registered migrants in the United Kingdom for the years of 2004 to 2007. So statistics are constantly changing, so we're just looking at a snapshot in time. Looking at the key which is in the red circle, you can see that the darker the colour, the more registered migrants there are. On the other hand, the lighter the colour, the less registered migrants there are. Let's start to interpret this source. So looking more closely at the map, can you tell me which part of the country is home to the greatest number of economic migrants? Remember, we're looking for the darker colours this time. So look more closely at the map and point to the places where you can see there is a large number of economic migrants. Did you point to some of these places that you can see on the screen? Well done if you did. You can see that certain parts of Scotland, which are up in north, east of England, and in some parts of London, there are a high number of economic migrants. Now, I would like you to look a little bit more closely at the map and tell me which areas of the country were there fewer than 500 migrants? So this time, you are looking out for the lighter pink colour this time, so not the darker, the lighter colour because that means there's less economic migrants. Now using your finger, point to where you can see that on the map. Okay, let's have a look. Did you point to some of these places? Well done if you did, you can see that certain parts of Yorkshire, for example, up north, and south-west of England, and parts of London are an example of places where there are a low number of economic migrants. Economic migration from Poland to the United Kingdom is one of the most important examples of migration from Eastern European countries. In the years following the Second World War, unemployment rates were high in Poland and some Polish found work hard to come by. Now let's have a look at this map. This graph shows the rate of unemployment in Poland in 2005. We are looking at data from 2005 because this is around the time when lots of Polish migrants moved to the UK to look for better paid jobs. Looking at the graph, the orange bar, as we can see at the key at the very bottom, represents unemployment in 15 to 24 year olds. The red bar represents overall unemployment. So the bars are representing different things. You are now going to answer some questions based on the graph. The first question, you can see on the screen. Which country had the highest overall unemployment in 2005? So looking at the key, if we're looking for overall unemployment, what colour are we looking at? Are we looking at orange or red? Shout it out. Good, you should of said red because it's overall unemployment. So pause the video now, and once you've finished you can press play again and answer the question on the screen. Okay, let's go through the answer. So the answer is Poland, did you get that correct? Well done. So now you can see that in 2005, in Poland there were very high levels of overall unemployment, which means lots of people were not working which explains why lots of Polish people decided to migrate in search of work. Now for the second question, using the graph, I would like you to answer this. Which country had the highest unemployment amongst 15 to 24 year olds in 2005? Pause the video and restart when you have finished. So the answer is Poland again. Did you get that correct? Well done if you did. So another trend this bar graph shows that in 2005, as well as having the highest overall unemployment, Poland also had the highest level of unemployment between 15 and 24 year olds, so young professionals. Now let's have a look at the next question which will require you to actually interpret the graph in a little bit more detail. What is the difference between unemployed people in Poland and in Denmark? Which colour bar are you looking at this time? Say it out loud. Good, so it hasn't specified 15 to 24 year olds so you should be looking at the red bar which is the overall unemployment. As you can see on the screen, I have drawn black lines to go across the graph to help you make it easier for you to see what percentage it is. You will need to do a calculation to find the difference. So read the graph, how many were unemployed in Poland and how many were unemployed in Denmark? And then find the difference which is a subtraction. Pause the video now to complete this task. Okay team, let's look at the answer. So you should of read that the unemployment was 15% for Poland and either you read it as 3% or 4% for Denmark. So the answer is between the range of 11 or 12%, depending on whether you read it as 3 or 4% for Denmark. We are now going to read some information about a Polish economic migrant, and his name is Antoni, and he is 28 years old. We are going to read this together and then we're going to have a think about what are the push factors that pushed Antoni out of Poland, and then what are the pull factors that pulled Antoni into the UK? Let's read it together. Even though I have a good education, there are not enough jobs in my chosen industry here in Poland. Unemployment rates for young people are high and I am worried I might lose the job I currently have. The transport links are much better in the UK, and I will have a better chance of finding a job that matches my qualifications. I think my living conditions will be better. Moreover, there are not enough hospitals and schools here in Poland and it is difficult to access these services. I hope I will be able to access these services more easily in the United Kingdom. Overall, I think I will be happier in the UK. Now, what I would like you to do is the following. You are going to write down the push and pull factors that are present here for Antoni. Remember, a factor is what is pushing him out of Poland, so that is pushing him out and that's push factor. And a pull factor is what is attracting him to the United Kingdom. So here you can see how you might want to lay out your work into two columns. One if for push factors and the other is for pull factors. You can write your answers in bullet points. So now I'm going to leave it up on this slide so you can read through the text again and use this to write your push and pull factors. Pause the video now to complete this task. On the screen, you can see an example of what you might have written using the table. Take a few moments to read through the push and pull factors, see which ones you got and which ones you might have missed. Okay team, that is now the end of today's lesson. You have learnt about what economic migration is and why people left Poland to come to the UK in 2004 onwards, and what the push and pull factors might have been for these economic migrants. Next lesson, we will be learning more about what a refugee is. Bye, everyone. If you would like to, please ask a parent or carer to share your work on Instagram, Facebook or Twitter, tagging @OakNational and #LearnwithOak.

What is an economic migrant?

What event led to more Polish economic migrants coming to the United Kingdom (UK)?

What seasonal job might economic migrants have done when they came to the UK?

In what year did Poland join the European Union?

'Not enough jobs in the chosen industry.' Is this an example of a push or pull factor?

'High unemployment rates for young people.' Is this an example of a push or pull factor?

'Better living conditions.'  Is this an example of a push or pull factor?

What is economic migration? - End of Lesson Quiz

Articulate economic reasons for migration

Explore how migration from Europe to the UK has mainly been for economic reasons

Examine the impact of this type of migration

In this lesson, we will be learning about economic migrants and we will be looking at the case study of Polish economic migrants coming to the United Kingdom to find work. Near the end of the lesson, we will be looking at push and pull factors for economic migrants.

Geography

Y4 Geography

Key Stage 2

Year 4

What is economic migration?

Migration

UNIT

What is migration?

How do migrants vary?

What is a refugee?

How will climate change affect migration?

"All migrants are forced to leave their home": to what extent do you agree?

What is national migration?

When a migrant intends on returning to their source country.  What is this describing?

Globally, do the great majority of people migrate across borders or migrate within countries?

Lesson overview:What is economic migration?

Core Content

Migration: