Understand fraction notation to represent a relationship between part and whole

Key Stage 2

Maths

Working with fractions

﻿Hello, and welcome. My name is Mrs. Burns. Thank you for joining me today. Feels a little bit weird here on my own in the room. I'm normally in a busy classroom, so thank you for joining me. I really appreciate it. Today, we're on lesson 12. If you haven't seen lesson 11 yet, stop this video, go back, find lesson 11, and come back and join me again. You still here? That means we're ready to start. Today, we're going to use some key language. I'll read the words first. Whole, equal, part, division bar, fraction. Don't worry if you don't know all of those today. I think there's some new words in there, but we'll learn them together. Let's start by saying them together. Whole, equal, part, louder. Division bar, fraction. It might feel a bit silly talking to a screen. I'm not sure if you've got anyone with you, but if you have, you can talk to them and tell them the words. If you haven't just say them with me because maths is all about talking. Talking really helps us get our understanding and our thinking together, so don't be embarrassed. Today, we're going to do some talking, and I want you to read things and say them aloud to me. So, before we begin, you're going to need a pencil or a pen and a piece of paper, or something similar that you can jot things down on. If you haven't got those, pause the video, go and find something, and come back. Still here? Well done. Here are the two stem sentences we're going to be using today. I'll read them to you. The whole has been divided into, hmm, equal parts. Hmm, of the parts has been shaded. We're going to use these quite a lot with different shapes today, but before we do, I know that yesterday Ms. Dabee asked you to collect 10 objects from around your house and try to fit them into different parts. How did you get on? Do you want to see mine? Here we are. I had a go, and I started with my pegs. Can you see my 10 pegs? Let me read the sentence. If 10 pegs is the whole, then can you count? Well done. Five is part of the whole! So, the whole has been divided into two parts. Can you see them? We know that's right, don't we? Because five and five make 10. All of the 10 pegs is the whole, and I put them into two parts. I was just going to use pegs and shuffle my pegs around, but I thought it might be easier for you to see the different groups if I use different objects. So, if you've done it all with the same objects, that's fine, but I then went to my pencils. Can you count my 10 pencils, just to make sure? Great. So, the first sentence, if 10 is the whole, then can you see? Yeah, two is part of the whole. I've now divided my 10 pencils into parts and each part has two pencils. So, my second sentence, I need to count all the different parts. Have you done it? Let's go. The whole has been divided into two. No, it hasn't, Mrs. Burns. The whole has been divided into five equal parts. Did you correct me? I hope you shouted at me if I got it wrong. The whole has been divided into five equal parts. Can you see? Five equal parts, each with two pencils in them. Now, I thought I'd finish there, but then I had a really careful look, and I put my pencils back together again. They gave me the idea for the teaspoons. Can you see my teaspoons? They're all together. So, if 10 teaspoons is the whole, then 10 is part of the whole. I've kept them all together. Can you see? So, the whole has been divided into one equal part. One equal part is correct, as well as the whole being 10. They're both the same on this example. Now, look at my tomatoes. I've still got 10 tomatoes. Count them and check. If 10 tomatoes is the whole, then can you see? One is part of the whole. The whole has been divided into 10 equal parts. So, the teaspoons, I kept them all together, but the tomatoes, I spread them all out. 10 equal parts. So, that's four different ways of showing my 10 objects. Did you find them all? I hope you did. But don't worry if you didn't. I think I might have just helped you find the way there now. You can keep practising those with different objects around your room or around your house. There's five people that live in my house, and I can put the five people into different parts. You have a try. So, for today, our new learning. Today, we're going to look at different shapes. Can you name this shape? Yeah, well done. It's a circle. Our circle has been split into equal parts. Now, I know you've been doing a lot of work lately on equal parts. That means each of the parts are the same size. They're all identical. My three parts make up the whole here. Can you see? Count them. One, two, three, well done. So, this is how my first stem sentence works. The whole has been divided into three equal parts. But look what happens now. I've shaded part of my whole, but how many parts? Can you see? The second sentence now of the parts has been shaded. Did you get it? Tell me. Well done. One of the parts has been shaded. Let's say that together. One of the parts has been shaded. Well done. Now, for a different shape. Any idea what we'd call this? It's sometimes tricky to name shapes, but I'm going to call this one a cross. Can you see the shape of a cross? It's been split into equal parts, but how many? The cross is the whole, and it's been divided into equal parts. Can you remember my key learning? Look at the screen. I've put the words back up for you. Whole, the cross represents the whole. It's been split into equal parts. Here we say divided into equal parts, but how many? Yes, of course, well done. Count them with your finger if you need to check. Five equal parts. Let's say that together. The whole has been divided into five equal parts. Look, I've shaded some of my whole. Part of my whole? How much? Yes, one of the parts has been shaded. Let's say that together. One of the parts has been shaded. Well done. Now, I know Mr. B used this shape yesterday. Think back. Can you remember what it was called? It's got six sides. Yes, well done. It's a hexagon. Now, my hexagon has been split into equal parts. The hexagon is the whole. How many equal parts? Count them. Yes, let's say this stem sentence together. You put the number in, in the right place. The whole has been divided into equal parts. Did you say it? Yes, six equal parts. Well done. Now, I've shaded some of my whole. How much? I've shaded part of my whole, but how many parts? Yes, well done. It's not that hard. Can you see one part shaded? Let's say that sentence together. One of the parts has been shaded. Well done. Now, have I tricked you? This is a whole, but look how I've made the whole. Do you recognise the hexagon from earlier? Look, there's the hexagon from the last slide. This time, the whole has been made up of two hexagons. Now, I've given you a clue. How many parts has the whole been divided into? Tell me. Two. The whole has been divided into two equal parts, but now look. I've shaded. Can you see? You say this sentence. Did you get it? One of the parts has been shaded. Well done. Your turn. This time, you need to tell me the shape. Yes, it's a triangle. But now, can you remember the stem sentence? Look at the equal parts. What's our first stem sentence? You tell me. Okay, now look what I've done. I've given it to you. Did you get it right? Now I'm going to shade part of my whole. Can you remember my second sentence? You say it. Did you get it? Here it is. Let's say them both together. The whole has been divided into four equal parts. One of the parts has been shaded. Well done. We're now moving on to look at how you can write this. I said you needed a pencil and a piece of paper, or something to jot down. This is where we're going to start jotting. Can you see that shape? I'm going to have to ask you can you remember its name? Yes, it's a circle. Well done. My circle has been split into equal parts. The circle is the whole. Look at my first sentence. The whole has been divided. When we write these things down, we're looking at the whole and the parts, and the relationship between them. And we start with a line. Look, can you see underneath my circle? That line has a special name. We read it together at the very beginning, but here it is, look. The key language, division bar. The division bar shows the relationship between the whole and the parts. Look, I've written that down for you to remember. The division bar shows the division relationship between the whole and the part. I forgot the word division at the beginning. That's really important. It shows that we divide the whole into parts. Say it with me. Help me get it right this time. The division bar shows the division relationship between the whole and the part. So, the first thing we do is draw the bar, then we count the parts. How many? Yes, into three equal parts. Let's say that sentence together. The whole has been divided into three equal parts. So, on your piece of paper, have you drawn that line? Now, underneath the line, put the three to represent the three equal parts. Then I do my shading, and we look at how many parts are shaded. Can you see? I know you know this one. One of the parts has been shaded, so I put my one on the top. Can you see? So, let's just recap. We do the line first, the division bar. That shows us the division relationship between the whole and the parts. It's the first thing we do, then the three. Remember what the three represents? Yes, the three equal parts. The three is my whole. The whole circle on the bottom there represented with a three because there are three equal parts. Then my one shaded part on the top. Let's try another one. Here's my shape. Can you remember what I called it? Yes, it's a cross. Can you remember how many equal parts it's been divided into? Yes, let's look at that first. The whole has been divided, but before I count those parts, remember what I do first. I need that division bar. On your piece of paper, draw me another division bar. I've done mine. Can you see on the screen now? So, I've got my division bar. What would go underneath? My whole has been divided into equal part? Well done, five equal parts. Let's say that together. The whole has been divided into five equal parts. I now put the five underneath my division bar. Can you see? Well done. Here's a new word for you. Look at my key language. We've used division bar. That shows the division relationship between the whole and the part, but now I'm going to call this notation a fraction. We've just written part of our fraction. A fraction is the special name given to the relationship between the whole and the part. But I haven't finished my fraction yet. I've only got the whole. I need the part, so which part am I looking at? I've shaded it red. Can you see? How many parts are shaded red? Well done. One of the parts has been shaded. Where will I put the one? Can you put it on your piece of paper? Well done. One goes above the division bar. One part shaded. So, let's just recap. We've just written a fraction. Look at that sentence below. Fraction is the special name given to the relationship between the whole and the part. Let's say that together. Fraction is the special name given to the relationship between the whole and the part. Well done. So, what does the five represent? Excellent. Five is the whole. Here, my whole has been divided into five equal parts. And the one? Yes, the one is the part we are looking at. The one shaded part. Let's look at another one. This is the shape from your turn earlier, but we're going to do this one together. This is a, what shape? Triangle. Well done. So, we start with looking at the whole. On your piece of paper, if you're going to write the fraction, what part of the fraction are you going to write first? Yes, the division bar. I'll do the same. On the screen, can you see below the whole triangle? There's my fraction bar. We do this first. Now we count the parts. How many equal parts in the triangle? Maybe you can remember from last time. If you can't, just count them. I've seen it. Tell me? Four, I got four. The whole has been divided into four equal parts. Say that with me. The whole has been divided into four equal parts. Now, on your piece of paper, where are you going to put the four? Yes, underneath the division bar. The four goes at the bottom. It's the whole. It represents all of the four equal parts. Then, yeah, I've shaded part of my whole. How much? Yes, one part. One of the parts has been shaded. Show me where you're going to put your one. Excellent. Look at mine. I've made a fraction with four equal parts, and one of them shaded. Can you see? Just to recap, tell me what's a fraction? Brilliant. A fraction shows the relationship between the whole and the parts. And what does the four here mean? Yes, four is our whole, and it shows four equal parts of our whole. And the one? Of course, one was shaded by Mrs. Burns. Look at this one. Can you remember what these parts were called? Excellent, these are the hexagons. I've got my hexagons pushed together to make one whole. So, the whole has been divided. If I need a fraction, what am I going to do first? That's right, the division bar. Draw yours on your paper now. You know, you don't need a ruler. You can just draw it by hand. It's fine. Well done. So, how many parts is my whole being divided into? Doesn't take long to count, does it? Two parts. Let's say that sentence together. The whole has been divided into two equal parts. So, where will the two go? That's right, on the bottom. Now, I'm going to do my shading. Have a look. How many parts were shaded? Yes, one equal part. One of the parts has been shaded. Can you put your one on your piece of paper? Excellent, you've now made a different fraction. This fraction shows the whole has been split into two equal parts, with one of them shaded. Hmm, can you remember what the division bar was? Point to the division bar. Yes, well done. It's the line in the middle. Say, "Division bar." Excellent, division bar. What does the two represent? Yes, the two represents the whole, and it's been divided into two equal parts. And on the top, the one. Yes, well done. Above the bar, we put the one. The one represents the one part that has been shaded. Okay, it's your turn. This is a different shape. How many equal parts? Hmm, so what's the first thing you're going to write? Because I need you to write the fraction for me. What comes first? Okay, do that first, then look at the equal parts. How many? 'Cause you need to write your whole down. Then I've shaded some. How many parts, and where will you put that? What does your fraction look like? Just have a little check. Hmm, does it look like mine? Here's how I did mine. I use my stem sentence to help me. The whole has been divided, and then I put my bar. Did you do your division bar first? I hope you did. So, the whole has been divided into three equal parts. Well done. Did you put your three below the division bar? Excellent. The whole has been divided into three equal parts. But look, I've shaded. Yes, of course. One of the parts has been shaded. Did you put the one on the top? Your fraction shows your whole and your parts. What was the whole? Where did it go? On the bottom, well done. And your parts? One part. That went above the division bar. Well done. I'm afraid we're at the end of our lesson now, but I don't want to leave you empty-handed. I don't want to leave you bored. I want to give you a little task. So, this is your practise activity for today. Can you write the fraction for each shaded part? Look at them. Aha, there are three shapes. I wonder if you can name them. Can you see each of the shapes has been split into different equal parts? You need to write a fraction for each of those shapes. Tomorrow, Mrs. Barker will go through them with you, but have a little look. What will you do first? I'm asking you to write a fraction. What comes first? That's it, the division bar. Well done. First, the division bar, then? Well done, the whole. The whole goes beneath the division bar, and that's the number of equal parts. Third, three things you have to do. The division bar, write down the number of equal parts below the division bar, and how many parts are shaded on the top. Well done. If you want a little bit more to think about, can you also tell Mrs. Barker, what is the same and what is different about my representations, and the fractions that you've written? I hope you've enjoyed today. Thank you so much for staying with me, and enjoy your practise activity. Have a lovely day. Bye-bye.

Understand fraction notation to represent a relationship between part and whole

Understand fraction notation to represent a relationship between part and whole

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UnitMaths / Working with fractions

Maths