To apply knowledge of our multiplication tables

Key Stage 1

Maths

Multiplication and division: 3 and 4

There are 16 biscuits. Divide them into groups of 4. What division equation do you have?

There are 20 pencils. Divide them into groups of 4. What division equation do you have?

﻿Hello everyone, I'm Mrs. Crane and welcome to today's session. Today we're going to be looking at part of the unit called multiplication and division. And today's objective we'll be looking at how we can apply our knowledge of our multiplication times tables. For this lesson you will need a pencil and some paper. Please pause the video now to go and get these things if you haven't got them already. Okay then, well, I thought I'd start today with a bit of a hello and a bit of a funny story, really. Those of you that have watched any of my lessons before might have realised that I've got a dog called Arlo. And here is a picture of my dog. And last week we were out for a walk at the weekend actually, and we got back home, I thought everything was fine. He was happy. And then I noticed on him that he had accidentally walked right next to some wet paint and has got a big, big smear all down his side of black and we can't get it out. So poor Arlo is having to walk around like that until we can get him into the groomers. And that's a picture of him looking a little bit sorry for himself, because he looks at bit silly. Let's get started with today's lesson then. So our agenda for today, we're going to be learning how to identify multiplication and division fact families. We'll start with a quick quiz to test your knowledge. Then we'll look at today's star words. Then we're going to have a look at arrays for multiplication and division. Then it'd be time for you to do your talk task. Then we're going to be developing our understanding of how we can use the arrays when we write the equations. Then you'll be ready to do your independent task and as ever, we'll review the answers together. And finally, there'll be a quiz to see what you've remembered. Please pause the video now, complete your starter quiz. Okay, welcome back. So we're going to use my turn, your turn, and our star words today. Communicative, multiplication, division, whole, part, groups. Brilliant. Let's get started then. So on New Learning today says make an array for the equation four multiplied by three is equal to 12. We've also got a bit of a challenge here. What other array could you make for this equation? So I'm going to have to start off and make my first array. Now I've made an array here that shows three, four times. If I count it, I've got one, two, three, and I put it one, two, three, four times. Now, if I count down my array, I can count to get to 12. So count with me. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 11, 12. We learned that that array represents three multiplied by four is equal to 12. We also don't have to count every single dot in our arrays. We could use some skip counting to help us. So this time we're going to skip count in our threes four times. Count with me. Three, six, nine, 12. Fantastic. Makes it much quicker than counting every single dot in our array. Now my challenge was what other array could I make for that equation? Let's have a think. You've got five seconds thinking time. How could I make another array that represents the same equation? Okay, we're going to use that word that was in our star words. The word was communicative. So I'm going to show you my second array and my second equation. There's a slight difference. Three multiplied by four is 12, or four multiplied by three is 12. Now multiplication is what we call communicative. We can switch around the two numbers in our equation to get our answer. So here I have three, four times, 'cause here's my three and I had it one, two, three, four times. Here I have four. One, two, three, four. I have four, one, two, three times. Very, very similar. It's the same equation, but it's communicative, so I've switched round the numbers in my equation and I've switched round the numbers in my array to represent it. So this time, rather than counting one, two, three, four, and carrying on counting them, we can skip count in our fours three times. So we're going to count our four times table three times. Together, four, eight, 12. We get the exact same answer, but we can show it in two different ways using that word, communicative. Let's have a look at another example, at the same example, sorry, but this time we're going to look at how we can use it for division facts. So what division facts can you write using the same numbers? So as you can see, we still have three, 12 and four. We're going to use those numbers now to explore how we can use them using division. So I'm going to start with my whole, which is 12. I know that from my equations before. So this time, I'm going to have 12 and I'm going to split them into three. So I'm going to do 12 divided by three. If I do 12 divided by three, I get one, two, three, four. Because if I drew out my array, I draw one, two, three, and I keep going all the way up until I got to 12. We could, as we've just done skip count. And we know that that answer will be four. We could also do another equation. This time we could do 12 divided by four. Why don't you each have a little think? What do you think the answer will be? You've got three seconds thinking time. Okay, let's have a look and see if you're right. So I've divided my 12 into groups of four and I've got one, two, three groups. Well done to those of you that noticed that my number would be three because we're using the same numbers here. Then my division and multiplication facts are going to come from the same numbers. Then here, I've got three groups of four. If I wanted to, I could skip count in my fours three times to double check that my answer would give me 12. So let's go. Four, eight, 12. Absolutely! And I have one, two, three groups. So my answer would be three. Okay, it's now time for your talk task today. So for your talk task, what I'd like you to do is choose a set of cards from the coloured cards here. I'd like you to have a go at drawing an array using the numbers on each card. On the card, sorry. So for each colour. So the first set of colours is the blue colours. There's the Brown colours, or there's the green colours. You can just choose one. Or if you really want to challenge yourself, you can have a go at more than one of them. Make sure that when you're drawing your array, you're seeing if you can draw it in the two different ways that we looked at just then. And my challenge to you is to see if you can write the multiplication and the division equations that match your cards. Like we were just looking at before. That's your challenge today. Pause the video now to complete your talk task. Okay, welcome back. Right then, to develop our learning today, we're going to look at the different arrays we can use to represent these numbers here. We're then going to use those arrays and have a look at how we can write them in the equations here. So we've got 32, we've got four, and we've got eight. Let's all look then at two different ways that we can show those numbers in our arrays. But here we go. We've got eight. Let's count. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. And we've got eight, four times. We've got it one, two, three, four. So my equation would be eight times by four. I've got it four times. Have a little think then. What other array and other equation, multiplication equation, might I have these numbers? Let's have a look. So this time I've got it. I've got four going down here and I've got it one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight times. So I've got four multiplied by eight and my answer is going to be 32. So to check that what we could do here is skip count in our eights. So count with me if you know your eights. So we go eight, 16, 24, 32, or we can skip count here in our fours eight times. So we get four, eight, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32. So we'd get the same answer both times, but using that word communicative, we can switch around the numbers before our product to work it out in two different ways. So if you are more confident at your fours then your eights, you might want to skip count your fours eight times. If you're more confident in your eights then your fours, you could skip count your eights four times. Let's put them into our equations then. So here we have eight multiplied by four is equal to 32. And here we have four multiplied by eight is equal to 32. Now let's have a look at using the same arrays, but this time we're going to add division equations. So this time here we have 32 here. We know that because we've just counted them and checked it. And we split them into groups of eight. We know that because we've got one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. How many groups did we have? Well done to those of you that shouted four. We did have four, indeed. So here I could be putting 32 divided by eight is equal to four. Let's have a look then at the next one. So here we can see we've got our array again. And we know that that represents 32 because we just checked it. This time, it's split into groups of four. So I could have 32 divided by four is equal to... Oh, what's my answer going to be? Well done, it's going to be eight, because we have eight groups of them. So here I can see 32 divided by four is equal to eight. So I can put those into my boxes here. So I've got 32 divided by four is equal to eight. and 32 divided by eight is equal to four. Let's have a look at another example. This time it says, create arrays to represent seven, 21, and three. Have a look here, I've got two arrays. I want you to have a look and have a think. What do they show? Okay, let's start by the first array, this array here. So you can see here, I've got one, two, three, four, five, six, seven and I've got it one, two, three times. So I've got seven times by three and it's going to give me 21. Shall we skip count in our sevens to double check? So, seven, 14, 21. We've used all three of those numbers. Now, next time down here, I've got the same array. that's represented in a different way.. It's represented by showing me I've got three this time, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven times. So I've got three groups of seven. Sorry, I've got seven groups of three. So then I can put that into my equations here. So I've got seven multiplied by three is equal to 21 and three multiplied by seven is equal to 21, The same whole both times. but I've switched around the numbers and they're switched around the way I've shown it on my array. Now let's have a look again at inverse operation, which is our division. So we know this time, our whole has to be 21 So 21 will have to be in both of these boxes. So, I'm splitting it into either groups of three or to groups of seven. So here I've split it into groups of seven. And I have it one, two, three times. So I do 21 divided by seven is equal to three. And here I have still got 21. I know that because we've already done that and counted it together. This time I've split it into groups of three and I have seven of them. So my equation would be 21 divided by three is equal to seven. I can then put those into my equation boxes here. So there's four different equations I can make using those same numbers. We've got one last example that we're going to have a look at. So this time we've got two, four and eight. Here's one of my arrays. And this array is showing me that I've got two groups of four. So I've got one, two, three, four, and I've got it once, twice. So two times by four is equal to eight. Let's skip count in our fours to double check. Four, eight. Absolutely. And here, I've got the same array, but it looks slightly different because we're using that communicative word. And then here, I've got groups of two, four times. So I've got four groups of two. So four times two. Then I can put those into my equations here. So I do two times by four equals eight, and four times by two equals eight. Let us double check it here, we didn't do our skip counting. So we've got two, four, six, eight. Fantastic.. Now let's have a look again at our division. So we know our whole is eight. So we know we're dividing eight into groups of two. And we know our answer is one, two, three, four, because we have four in each group. And then this time, if I'm dividing my eight, this time, I'm dividing my eight into groups of four. And I have one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, again. Each group has two. So I've got eight divided by four is equal to two and eight divided by two is equal to four. Right then, it is time now for you to have a go at today's independent task. What multiplication and division equations can you write using the numbers that you've been given? So you've got three, lots of numbers here and you've got the empty boxes here for your equations. Remember, you can draw an array to help you answer these questions. Please pause the video now to complete your task. Okay let's have a look then at the answers. So we're going to start off with the multiplications and then we'll look at the division. So the numbers are eight, three and 24. We have eight multiplied by three is equal to 24 or we can have three multiplied by eight is equal to 24. Then we're going to look at our divisions. Then we're going to have 24. We can divide it by three to give us eight, or we can do 24 divided by eight to give us three. Have a look at our next set of numbers We have four, 24, and six. We're going to start with the multiplications again. We have 24, sorry, 24 is that whole. Then we have four multiplied by six is equal to 24. Or, we can have six multiplied by four is equal to 24. Now let's look at division. So you're going to have 24. We can divide it by six and it's going to give us four. Or we could do 24 divided by four, and it's going to give us six. And our last numbers are 18, three, and six. Three multiplied by six is equal to 18 or we can have six multiplied by three is equal to 18. Then we're going to have divisions here. So we're going to have 18 divided by six is equal to three, or we can have 18 divided by three is equal to six. Thank you very much for all of your hard work today for the day. I've been really, really impressed. Please pause the video now to complete the final quiz and answer a few questions based on what we've been learning today. Thank you very much and see you again soon. Bye bye.

To apply knowledge of our multiplication tables

To apply knowledge of our multiplication tables

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UnitMaths / Multiplication and division: 3 and 4

Maths