﻿Hello, geographers and welcome to today's lesson about the opportunities urban growth has created in Lagos. The city has grown so fast, there is got to be a reason for it. I live in a village and my friends are always nagging me about moving to the city, because they think it's much more exciting to live there. Lets find out what it's like in Lagos, what is attracting people? So for today's lesson you're going to need a pen and a piece of paper. Please pause in the second, clear away all those distractions around you decide if you need to move somewhere quiet, so you not going to be disturbed during this lesson. As soon as you are ready press play and we get ready to start. Brilliant, so jot down the title for me; Social opportunities of urban growth in Lagos. Make sure you've underlined it, check the capital letter on Lagos. Before we start, lets quickly remind ourselves about Lagos. Lagos is in the continent of Africa, it sits just North of the Equator and is a mega city in Nigeria. Its located on the South coast on the Gulf of Guinea, and is 75km from the border with Benin. Lagos has experienced rapid population growth, part of the reasons for this rapid population growth is rural to urban migration, many people are moving to Lagos up to 1200 people every single day because Lagos has so many opportunities, they have social opportunities, and there are economic opportunities. And in this lesson today, we're going to look at this social opportunities of urban growth in Lagos. Lagos is a mega city on the South coast of Nigeria, the main reason for its population growth currently is rural to urban migration; people moving from the countryside to the city. There are many opportunities in Lagos compared to this rural areas, and these act as pull factors. There are more health care centres, more hospitals and a better range of medicine available, you do have to pay for it though. If people are healthier they can work to earn money and can have a better quality of life. Life expectancy is much improved in Lagos compared to rural areas. There is better access to education, over 90% of primary school children in Lagos go to school. In rural areas that's only 60%, in fact 68% of people in Lagos even go on to attend secondary school. The state of Lagos has almost 20,000 schools and has 10 universities and education allows people to access higher pay jobs and therefore in future improve their quality of life. Families feel education for their children is really important. Lagos also has much better access to clean water than in rural areas. In Lagos water treatment plant provide safe water to some areas of the city. This is only about 40%. In 2012, the water supply began to be regulated by Lagos State Water Regulatory Commission, this means that more people can now access clean water. Accessing clean water is really important socially, it keeps people healthy, they are less likely to drink dirty water which can lead to diseases like Cholera and Diarrhoea. My final opportunity that we going to look at today is access to electricity. Lagos uses 40% of the country's supply there are also going to instal two new power stations to cope with the increasing demand. With electricity people can light their homes, they can cook more easily rather than using kerosene stoves as these can lead to health problems. It also enables people to setup businesses. To summarise there are four main opportunities that have occurred as a result of urban growth in Lagos. These are: access to electricity, they are education, health care and access to clean water. Quick test, which is not an opportunity in Lagos, A, B, C or D make your choices five seconds. And the answer is..... C. There are more secondary jobs and no tertiary jobs available. The number of primary jobs has actually gone down in rural areas Meaning that people have moved to the city. Now I want you to write down this opportunities, I want you to add the linked fact. Here are your five case to the parts I would like you to put into these four sentences. So pause now, get them written down, get those facts added and then we'll check to see how you've got on. A. Was, 90% of children in Lagos attend primary school, remember that's compared to the 60% in rural areas. Lagos uses 40% of Nigeria's electricity supply. There are 10 universities in Lagos alone, and almost 20,000 schools. Water supply began to be regulated in 2012 by Lagos State Water Regulatory Commission. But lets have a look at what the data tells us. Here we've got some development indicators, we've got the stats for Lagos and we have the stats for Nigeria as a whole. Just pause now for 10 seconds, what are the stats telling you? Hopefully you've summarised that healthcare is better because less babies die, the infant mortality rate in Lagos is just 24 per a 1000 live births per year as opposed to 64. In rural areas, women cannot access hospitals or healthcare centres to have their babies, so more babies are born at home therefore, the likelihood of them dying increases. Due to that more children go to school so 90% go to primary school, whereas Nigeria as a whole it's 64% and that goes even lower to 60% in rural areas. And women will have less children, so in Lagos the fertility rate, which is the number of children on average one would have in her child bearing years, 4.1 compared to 5.8 in Nigeria. This is down to several reasons, one reason is education is higher in Lagos so many girls go on and get careers rather than starting their families earlier, it can also be that because less babies die the fertility rate drops. Lets use that data now, we are going to use the data to suggest why rural to urban migration occurs in Lagos. The question is worth 2 marks. Lets have a look at this example, one reason for rural to urban migration in Nigeria might be that the fertility rate in Lagos is significantly lower, at 4.1 compared to the country average of 5.8 this may suggest that the women have better access to education and more choose to work over starting families at young ages. This is a pull factor as education is seen as vital for moving out of poverty. I have done fertility rate you can choose now whether you do infant mortality rate or primary school enrollment. Pause the video now and I'll see you when you're done. It should only be a couple of minutes. One reason for rural to urban migration in Nigeria might be that the primary school enrollment in Lagos is significantly higher at 90% compared to the country average of 64%. This means that...that signifies you'll get the second mark. This means that people are keen to move to the city to ensure their children will have better access to education, which in the long term can open up job opportunities. Another reason could be that the infant mortality rate in Lagos is lower at just 24 per 1000 live births per year compared to Nigeria's average of 64. This would suggest access to better health care which would act as a pull factor. Many people feel that education is vitally important. We've got this girl here saying that, education is the key to my future. What do you think? Just take 10 seconds now to come up with what your opinion is. So many people feel that school is necessary you can get a better qualification, you can get a better job, that job is likely to be high-end paid and that's going to give you more money more disposable income that you can spend on luxuries such as fashion or high-end electronics. This things are going to increase your quality of life however, some people feel that education isn't the way out for example in Makoko, some children don't attend school and they will start working as young as 10 in informal jobs like mending boat engines. Lets pull it all together. Explain how urban growth has created opportunities in a NEE city you have studied. To answer this question I want you to give me two opportunities, I would like you develop this, so develop your explanation and I would like you to include specific facts, name that NEE city. An example would be urban growth has also led to improvements in Lagos with access to safe water due to treatment plants and the regulation of water in 2012. This means that people are less likely to fall ill through diseases like Cholera and so are healthier to work and earn money to improve their quality of life affording better shelter and food. Good luck, pause now and I'll see you back when you're done. How did you get on? Urban growth has led to improvements in education in cities like Lagos, Nigeria where there are now nearly 20,000 schools, tick. This means that 90% of children attend primary school boosting their education, tick. Consequently, they may be able to get a better job later in life improving their quality of life as they will have access to better housing and food, tick. You then needed a second opportunity. Urban growth has led to improvements in access to electricity. Lagos actually uses about 40% of Nigeria's supply, tick. This means that people can have electricity in their homes, tick and so they can cook food using electric ovens which are quicker and safer than cooking on open fires, tick. Well done for tackling that, make sure you've got your capital letters in the correct place for Lagos and Nigeria, and check you've added case study facts. Well that brings us to the end of today's lesson we've had the opportunity to learn there are four main social opportunities of living in Lagos compared to rural areas. They are education, health care, access to electricity and access to water. But there is one final opportunity before you disappear that's to test your learning by clicking onto the next page and completing the quiz, so I can see how much you've learned. Thank you for giving me the opportunity to teach you today, take care and I look forward to you joining me soon, where we would look at the economic opportunities created by urban growth in Lagos. Have a great day.

In this lesson we looked at the opportunities of urban growth in Lagos. Let's see how you have got on.

What percentage of children attend primary school in Lagos?

Lagos uses what percentage of Nigeria's electricity supply?

How does the infant mortality rate in Lagos compare to Nigeria's?

Urban growth in Lagos has been...

Which is NOT correct about Lagos?

Social opportunities of urban growth in Lagos - quiz

In this lesson, we will look at the social opportunities created by urban growth in Lagos.

Lesson overview:Social opportunities of urban growth in Lagos

Urban growth in Lagos, Nigeria: