Well done for completing the lesson. Have a go at this quiz to find out what you've learned.

What is the capital city of Kenya?

What percentage of jobs rely on tourism in Kenya?

The difference between an economic impact and an environmental impact is ...

An advantage of tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve is that infrastructure projects have been funded. This is a social advantage because ...

A disadvantage of tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve is hot air balloon tours over the savannah. This is an environmental disadvantage because ...

What have been the impacts of tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve?

﻿Hello Geographers and welcome back to the final lesson in the world of work unity. Today we are going to be looking at "How can tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve be managed." I'd like to start off by getting your equipment ready for today's lesson, so that includes a pen, a pencil, a ruler and something to write on. I'd now like you to go and pause the video to get that equipment and make sure that you have a quiet place to work and if you can, and you turn off any notifications around you. I would now like you to take the time to write today's date as well as your title "How can tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve be managed" Pause the video once you write this down, and once you've done this, click play to get learning. Start let's recap and look at the foot traffic of tourists arriving in Kenya's national parks. This graph in front of you shows the number of tourists visiting the Maasai Mara National Reserve and the Tsavo East National Park between 2010 and 2016. The key indicates the Maasai Mara data in blue, and the Tsavo in green. And on the y axis we have the number of tourists all the way up to 300,000. And on the x axis we have the years from 2010 to 2016. I'm going to model to you now how we could describe this graph. I will model the example of Tsavo East National Park. Firstly, I'm going to identify the general pattern from 2010 to 2016. I can see on the graph that in 2010 tourist numbers were roughly around 265,000. Whereas if I scan across my x axis to 2016, I can see the number of tourists that visited was of 85,000. And if I take away 665,000 take 85,000 I can see that there has been a decrease in numbers. So my answer would say, the number of tourists visiting Tsavo East National Park has decreased. For example, in 2010, 265,000 tourists visited in comparison to 2016 where 85,000 visited. Now I've modelled to you how to interpret change in a graph it is over to you. Your task is to describe the change in tourist numbers in the Maasai Mara National Reserve. You need to provide the general pattern and support it with data from the graph, and this will equal two points. Pause the video now once you complete this task. Excellent work. Let's have a look at some of the possible answers that you could have written down in your books. You may wish to get a different colour pen to mark your work as you're going through and give yourself a tick where you've met the success criteria of general pattern and data. So the general pattern for the change and tourists of the Maasai Mara National Reserve was the number of tourists visiting the Maasai Mara National Reserve decreased between 2010 to 2016. This would be a tick. For example, from 2010 to 2012 tourist numbers decrease from 185,000 to 102,000. However, numbers then rose and by 2016, but back to approximately 146,000 visitors. So you may wish to pause the video now and mark your work and just check that you've met both parts of that success criteria. Now before we get into looking at how tourism is managed in the Maasai Mara National Reserve, we are going to take an opportunity to recap the disadvantages of tourism in the reserve and why there is a need for it to be managed. So firstly, we have soil erosion, the wearing away of the land as a result of the safari cause that then disrupts the natural landscape and can interrupt the animal animal migration patterns. Secondly, we have tourists feeding animals, where you have tourists or Safari Park guides feeding the animals to get them closer to the Safari cars. Thirdly, you have hot air balloons. And as these fly above the savanna, they create shadows, which can interrupt mating patterns and also scare animals such as cheetahs and zebras. We also have the little profit that is returned to the reserve. So a very small proportion of the amount of money produced from tourism goes back into protecting the reserve and the Maasai Mara tribe. And lastly we have hotels using up vital water resources, where it's already in an area of water scarcity. We're now going to focus on how tourism is managed, and how we mitigate and we reduce some of the disadvantages that we have just spoken about. Now the Kenyan government has established certain rules to ensure that hotel chains can strike a balance between the needs of the tourists and the needs of the local community. Ecotourism Kenya runs a standard scheme where hotels are awarded a gold, silver or bronze eco-rating certificates. In total 86 facilities in the Reserve have received this. Ecotourism can play a large part in helping to ensure that there are many social and economic positives coming from ecotourism. It uses four principles to guide the management of the reserve. The first principle of ecotourism Kenya is Environmental conservation. And it splits this into three sections, Water, Electricity and Waste. Water should not take away from the local ecosystem. And water should be filtered and reuse when possible. One way this can be done is by using Grey water, water from washing and filtering and reusing it for other purposes, and black water from toilets should be reused and filtered when possible. Electricity should be generated from a sustainable source such as solar panels, if we are getting our electricity supply from burning fossil fuels. then this can also contribute to the greenhouse effect. And lastly, we have Waste. So any waste produced by tourist should be recycled as much as possible. Our second principle of ecotourism Kenya is Education and Empowerment. This is when resorts and Safari tours provide quality education and staff training on how to preserve the landscape. And secondly, it also includes providing well paid stable jobs for the local community. The third principle of ecotourism is Social responsibility. And this covers both the tourist and the local community. So we have to protect the environment to keep the footpath, do not leave litter or start fires. Not to interfere with the wildlife and do not scare or feed the animals. Protect resources. Do not take too many showers or use air conditioning and support local communities. So stay in locally owned accommodation and buy produce from local people. The fourth principle is Culture and Heritage preservation. So this is wearing appropriate clothes in religious places and being respectful of communities and show appreciation of the culture. I would now like you to pause the video and complete this mini task. "Which statements represents a good ecotourist and a potential bad ecotourist? Write the numbers one to six in your book." Underneath it or next to each statement write whether the statement is about a good tourist or a bad ecotourist. Okay, excellent work. We should have our answers ready in front of us now. So we have number one, Wanders off the main footpath. A bad ecotourist because this is going to cause soil erosion. Number two, Buys products that have been produced internationally and shipped to the reserve. Bad ecotourist, not very environmentally conscious and shipping the products to the reserve will also cut the curb and footprint. Option three, stays in hotels owned by the local community. A good ecotourist, you're providing money to the local economy. Statement four, does not interfere with the wildlife. A good eco tourist. Number five, starts fires in the bush a bad ecotourist. And statement six is conscious of the amount of resources they use, such as taking short showers. This is a good ecotourist. We're now going to zoom into a case study of management of tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve. We're going to look at an example of a place called Cottar's Safari service which is a safari camp in the central belt of the Maasai Mara reserve. Now of Cottar's safari camp is an ecotourist resort that has been accredited gold status by ecotourism Kenya. According to ecotourism Kenya, it has demonstrated outstanding best practises, they have achieved superior and replicable levels of excellence in responsible resources environmental, conservation and socio economic investment. So from that statement, we can see that Cottar's Safari service is aiming to mitigate any of the disadvantages we recapped earlier on in today's lesson. How does Cottar's Safari service managed tourism sustainably. When tourists visit Cottar's Safari service, they're required to pay a fee, which then goes towards the wildlife conservation and the Maasai people. This fee is used to protect the 6,000 acre wildlife park while some of this also goes towards the local villages surrounding the park. The tour guides who work for Cottar's are qualified and mainly from the local area. Cottar's ensures these guides work sustainably with the environment and local cultures. And as a result can reduce the disadvantages we saw earlier on, such as soil erosion. But Cottar's has also been able to improve education at the area by building eight schools, with the fees paid by tourists, leaving a legacy rather than just a tourism. And to support the local economy, Cottar's takes ecotourists to the local Maasai village, which sells traditional beads. With the income families can afford to send their children to school. As well as providing empowerment to the local community with education and jobs, and preserving the culture and heritage of the area. Cottar's Safari service also aims to reduce the impact on the environment of where their camps are located. The resorts are collapsible and removable and do not have a long term impact on the environment. The camps also blend into the natural environment and they are not visually polluting. Now, an area of water strain and of water scarcity already, Cottar's safari camp ensured that their camp was not connected to the main water supply. Which then meant it doesn't have an impact on the local ecosystem. I'd now like you to pause the video and complete your main task. So using the case study of Cottar's Safari service explained two ways in which Cottar's is managing tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve. This is going to equals four points. So there are some sentence starts below which you may wish to use if you want to, but you do not have to. Pause the video now to complete your task. So let's have a look at some of the potential answers you may have written down in your book. We'll have to read through these together. One way in which Cottar's Safari service is managing tourism sustainably is by encouraging tourists to contribute to the local economy. Tick. This increases sustainability because money is reinvested back into the community. Therefore allowing the community to earn an income. Tick. With this money families can afford to send their children to school. Tick. The second way in which the safari park managers tourism is by hiring trained local guides. Tick. As a result, the tour guides are trained to work sustainably with the environment and local cultures. Therefore reducing the impact on safari tours, as there is less chance of minibuses taking detours and eroding the savanna grassland. Tick. Now, you may have picked some other examples, but do make sure you read through your answers and identify a strategy they do, and then the explanation of it. If you're unsure that your answers met the standard that you wanted to, you may wish to write down a copy of my model answer in front of you now, then make sure you pause the video in the meantime. That brings us to the end of today's lesson on how can tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve be managed. And now like you to do two things. The first thing is, I'd like you to summarise three things that you have learnt today, this could include some strategies implemented to manage the reserve, or it may be some examples of what Cottar's Safari service does itself. After you've done that, I'd then like you to go and complete the End of lesson quiz for today. Thank you for listening and we will speak to you all soon.

Which of the statements below is a disadvantage of tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve?

How many acres of land are protected as a result of Cottar's Safari Service?

What is the name of the by-product created from the filtering and reusing of wastewater, that is repurposed for other uses?

It is important for tourists to buy products locally because ...

How many schools has Cottar's Safari opened?

How can tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve be managed?

In this lesson, we will continue to look at the tourist industry in Kenya.

Several strategies have been put in place to ensure that tourism is sustainable.


Ecotourism Kenya' has been established and has a range of benefits.

This lesson will build upon prior knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve by looking at sustainable management strategies.

Geography

Y7 Geography

Key Stage 3

Year 7

Miss

World of work

UNIT

How do we classify different types of employment?

How do employment structures differ around the world?

What are the factors which influence the location of different industries?

What are quaternary industries?

What are the impacts of different industries?

Why is tourism an important tertiary industry?

How do the impacts of tourism change over time?

What is ecotourism?

Why is tourism a growing industrial sector in Kenya?

Sustainability can be defined as..

Ecotourism is ...

What is a feature of ecotourism?

Which statement best describes the UK employment structure in the 1800s..

______________ is when manual labour is replaced by machines. Machines are able to create products more efficiently and for a cheaper cost.

In a developing country such as Chad, what employment sector would you expect to be largest?

Impacts of industries can be sorted into three categories. What are they?

The quaternary industry can be defined as..

Why would it be better to build a science park on the edge of a city rather than the CBD (central business district)?

Lesson overview:How can tourism in the Maasai Mara National Reserve be managed?

World of work: